Floral Litmus solutions laboratory

Laboratory thirteen feature the use of floral dyes to test for acids and bases. Some flowers generate solutions that function both as red and blue litmus paper simultaneously - that is they change to two different colors when a base or acid is added to the floral litmus solution.


Calling David looks on as Macy Johannes records data, Marsha Karel runs a test of an unknown substance. Baking soda was used to determine whether a floral litmus solution changes color in the presence of a known base. Baking soda is the known base. The students use a variety of local key limes as the known acid.

Macy studies the color of the solution

Dalynda Park working with Veralyn Celestine on substances with an unknown pH

The substances with an unknown pH are all household agents. Vinegar, ammonia, bleach, soap, cream of tartar, detergent, rubbing alcohol, PineSol, Drano.

Ioakim Walter takes notes

Regina Moya's floral litmus solution changes saturation, but not hue angle.

Laboratory ten includes coverage of HSL colors used in HTML, which introduces the concept of hue, saturation, and luminosity. In this lab some flowers produce pigments that react by changing saturation, but not hue angle. Experience has taught me that these floral solutions will react unpredictably or not at all in the third phase of the experiment where the unknown pHs are being tested.

Monaliza Mauricio, Marvin Louis, and Erika Billen

Sahn Samuel with an unknown under test

Erika Billen testing the unknowns


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