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Summer solstice 2025

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The new health center brought posts, poles, and signs along with a parking area.  With the summer solstice at 13:42 Saturday 21 June 2025, Friday 20 June was the day to capture shadow directions. A first crack was made at this pole. Squaring off with the edge of the produced the shadow above at 09:27 The pole in context. A GPS Essentials compass bearing at the pole aligned with the 09:27 shadow. Note that the angle is not going to be 23.5°. That value would only be realized at sunrise. In addition, the compass being displayed is using magnetic north. There is something on the order of 5.6° difference between magnetic north and the north pole here. The intent is not to make calculations but rather just to show that the shadow is in different places during the year.  An attempt to do the same at  a sign post on the west side failed due to magnetism in the post base. A signpost on the west si...

Force of friction on a RipStik

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A summer session Friday provided an opportunity to pull together a loose end and to introduce the summer solstice. The measurement of friction was tackled differently than in prior terms. Instead of directly measuring the force of friction using a spring scale tow line, a calculation was made based on the loss of momentum. The loss was calculated between two non-zero velocities, a new approach. No zero momentum. The board was brought across a 1.5 meter speed trap,  allowed to coast for 4.5 meters, and then the velocity was measured again in a second 1.5 meter speed trap.  The second speed trap Runs were started from the LRC with speeds targeting a midrange velocity of 1.4 to 2.2 m/s. This kept the roll out above 1.02 m/s. Velocity losses were 0.40, 0.27, and 0.45 m/s. Measurements were laid out ahead of class. Mass with the RipStik was also measured in advance and  a spreadsheet was prepared. Data fro...

Temperature, heat, and cooling curves

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The 9:30 session opened with the Eureka heat and temperature playlist .  During the video notes were transcribed from the video to the board. This included the temperatures table, something usually set aside for Wednesday during a regular term. A teapot of boiling water was already set up along with a glass jar containing melting ice. Pohnpei coconut oil was pre-positioned in the refrigerator the day before. After the playlist a brief version of the Wednesday temperature demonstration was given. The temperature list was already on the board. This was an abbreviated list compared to a regular term. A quick run through the list provided sufficient time to include coverage of relative humidity and the heat index . The Smartboard sensors provided the input data. This was reinforced using the weather service observational data .  Trishia works solo gathering cooling curves data. Eric recording data while Jonald reads the temperatures. ...

Newton's Laws of Motion and the force of friction

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The class began with an example of a lab report with formatting issues. Then the class moved outside for coverage of Newton's laws of motion. A presentation accompanied RipStik demonstrations. Summer is a time for experimentation, sometimes prompted by serendipity. Heading to the midday lab session with only minutes to spare, the thought arose, "What if the friction lab was done without scales to mass the sled? This would simplify the weight calculations. The only downside would be  y-intercept." The lab was launched without digital scales. All four groups would work on weight, no surface roughness group.  As expected, the weight calculations were much more directly obvious. Emars records data gathered by Clayton Trishia records data gathered by Eray Eric and Jonald work together to obtain data. Ruthy "Shannon"makes measurements, Mary-ellen records the days. ...

Conservation of momentum and energy

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The morning session opened with a silent Smartboard set up. Then seven diagrams were placed into the board. Without comment. Then the set up was illustrated on the center table without rolling any marbles. When asked, three students thought one marble in would yield one marble out. Rusty explores the system. Clayton also exploring the marble system. No vocabulary has been attached at this point. This summer a table was done on the board and then the students were asked to suss out the mathematical relationship. No one thought to turn to Desmos until that was suggested. One student thought the y-intercept was likely to be zero. Eventually a student suggested that slope might be one. Only then was the extension made to marbles in equals marbles out, stuff in equals stuff out, mass in equals mass out. Speed in is roughly speed out. Then a 5=5 and 3=3 example led to "therefore the products are equal."  This l...