Optics reflection refraction

This term optics was reduced to a single day wedged between blue light  black light microplastics, and Shock and Awe: The story of electricity.

A tube was used for filling, moving apparent depth to the north table. A glass dish not preview used was also deployed.

In the 1000 ml cylinders I used Sacagawea coins. These slide more readily for centering at the bottom than pennies. Despite being larger than external penny, the use of the Sacagawea was functional. Morning indices of 1.27, 1.29, and 1.36 were obtained. The 11:00 section did worse with indices from 0.9 to 1.75, only a single group near 1.33 at 1.27. Anecdotally the 11:00 section each term seems to generate larger errors than the 8:00 section. Before one dives into a deep analysis, today there were 11:00 section students who attended at 8:00 and 8:00 section students who attended at 11:00. The difference is not necessarily linked to the students who enroll in these sections. This is not a case of 8:00 students being more motivated, early birds who a penchant for working more carefully. This term has seen a lot of flow between the sections in both directions. 

All other aspects of optics was trimmed away including in the Friday quiz. That quiz will have to be rebuilt - which will be necessary in Moodle anyway. 

Rainy morning making for a good indoor laboratory day.

Coffee ready. 

Three-in-one from Vietnam. 


At 8:00 the room was empty, so I started laying out the notes on the board. At around 8:14 Kapualani arrived. Other trickled in, most arriving by 8:35. I had gotten as far as is seen above by 8:14. 

The SMARTboard was running a My Mix playlist, so I continued making notes without saying anything. Kapualani dutifully took notes in her laboratory notebook. Other students who arrived later did not make any notes. 


The notes included the equations and report layout from the get go.

Margrett, Mirabella, Shawn Dee working on the index of reflection.

The index of reflection is not something I have seen anywhere. I rather doubt that it is a thing. Non-planar mirrors can have a focal length, but plane mirrors have an image distance equal to the object distance. This is not something that I share with the class. I have also dropped the prediction phase of the laboratory largely because this left students certain that the index of refraction must also be 1.00. By not speaking about the value of the indices for either reflection or refraction no false expectation of a value is set up. 

Kapualani hold the mirror, Sucie records data, Emylia observing

Sucie holding the mirror while Emylia reads off the measurement

Sheral and Fumie-Kate choosing a distance

Sucie, Kapualani, Emylia measuring to the apparent location of the image.

Charla on the left would leave and return at 11:00. Kapualani making a measurement of the object distance

Locating the imaginary image behind the mirror for a measurement of the image distance

Shawn Dee, Mirabella, Darsen working on apparent depth.

This term three graduated cylinders were used along with the small terrarium, a beaker, and dish found in the prep room.

Fumi-Kate locating the image of the coin. In the back on the right is Louisa. 

The new addition was some sort of specimen dish

Notes added during session.


The right hand board.


Che'chemely, Angelica, and Joann in the 11:00 section working on the index of reflection.


Nakisha and Sinae plotting data in Desmos as they make measurements.


Che'chemely indicates the location of the image while Angelica holds the meter stick. Charla observing. 


Sonya working with Dantez. The bag holds doughnuts and cinnamon rolls. The ants in the room are very aggressive.

Delailah working with Denny-Ray


Groups formed, as usual, by accretion as late arrivals joined existing groups. Thus while many groups started as a pair, they often grew as the period progressed.


Charla and Che'chemely working apparent depth along with Angelica and Joann.


The groups are generally good about everyone participating. Here Joann takes notes while Che'chemely makes measurements. 


Darla and Morgianna entering data into Desmos.


Denny-Ray teamed up with Delailah.



Sinae makes a measurement while Nakisha records data.

This laboratory is more confusing and unclear minus the introduction usually done on Monday and the demonstrations done on Wednesday. Not since fall 2023 has there been a two day lead in to this laboratory. This term the decision that blue light/black light was more valuable than an optics video trimmed optics to a single day. Friday will go forward with Shock and Awe: The story of electricity.

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